親愛的譚德塞博士：
Dear Dr. Tedros:
2020年4月14日，我暫停了美國對世界衛生組織的資助，等待美國政府對世衛未能妥善應對新冠肺炎疫情的調查。這次調查證實了我4月時提出的多項嚴重關切，也找到了世界衛生組織應該處理的其他問題，尤其是世衛對於中國高度缺乏獨立性。
On April 14, 2020, I suspended United States contributions to the World Health Organization pending an investigation by my Administration of the organization‘s failed response to the COVID-19 outbreak. This review has confirmed many of the serious concerns I raised last month and identified others that the World Health Organization should have addressed, especially the World Health Organization’s alarming lack of independence from the People‘s Republic of China.
根據這次調查，我們掌握了以下情況：
Based on this review, we now know the following:
世界衛生組織一直無視包括《刺胳針》在內，關於病毒於2019年12月初甚至更早就在武漢散步的可信報告。世衛未能獨立調查那些與中國官方說法顯然有所抵觸的可信報告，即使是來自武漢的消息也被遺漏。
The World Health Organization consistently ignored credible reports of the virus spreading in Wuhan in early December 2019 or even earlier, including reports from the Lancet medical journal. The World Health Organization failed to independently investigate credible reports that conflicted directly with the Chinese government‘s official accounts, even those that came from sources within Wuhan itself.
在2019年12月30日之前，世界衛生組織駐北京辦事處就知道武漢發生「重大公衛事件」。12月26日到12月30日，中國媒體開始關注武漢有新型病毒出現，證據是發送給多家中國基因公司的患者資料。此外，湖北省中西醫結合醫院的張繼先醫師也在這段時間通報衛生部門，有一種新型冠狀病毒正在引發新型疾病，當時約有180人發病。
By no later than December 30, 2019, the World Health Organization office in Beijing knew that there was a 「major public health」 concern in Wuhan. Between December 26 and December 30, China‘s media highlighted evidence of a new virus emerging from Wuhan, based on patient data sent to multiple Chinese genomics companies. Additionally, during this period, Dr. Zhang Jixian, a doctor from Hubei Provincial Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, told China’s health authorities that a new coronavirus was causing a novel disease that was, at the time, afflicting approximately 180 patients.
隔天，台灣當局向世界衛生組織通報，一種新型病毒可能會人傳人。但是世衛卻沒有跟其他國家分享這項重要資訊，這有可能是出於政治原因。
By the next day, Taiwanese authorities had communicated information to the World Health Organization indicating human-to-human transmission of a new virus. Yet the World Health Organization chose not to share any of this critical information with the rest of the world, probably for political reasons.
《國際衛生條例》要求各國應在24小時內部衛生緊急事件的風險，但直到2019年12月31日，中國才對世衛通報了武漢的多起不明原因肺炎病例，但中國早在數天甚至數週之前就掌握了這些個案。
The International Health Regulations require countries to report the risk of a health emergency within 24 hours. But China did not inform the World Health Organization of Wuhan‘s several cases of pneumonia, of unknown origin, until December 31, 2019, even though it likely had knowledge of these cases days or weeks earlier.
根據上海復旦大學公共衛生臨床中心張永振的說法，他在2020年1月5日就告訴中國當局，他已完成病毒的基因組定序。不過直到6天後，他在自己的網站上發布，這項消息才公諸於世。不過張永振的實驗室第二天也被關閉「整改」。連世界衛生組織也承認，張永振的發言是一項「透明」的偉大行動。但對於張永振的實驗室遭到關閉、以及他宣稱6天前就對中國當局通報病毒基因組定序，世衛顯然都保持沈默。
According to Dr. Zhang Yongzhen of the Shanghai Public Health Clinic Center, he told Chinese authorities on January 5, 2020, that he had sequenced the genome of the virus. There was no publication of this information until six days later, on January 11, 2020, when Dr. Zhang self-posted it online. The next day, Chinese authorities closed his lab for 「rectification.」 As even the World Health Organization acknowledged, Dr. Zhang‘s posting was a great act of 「transparency.」 But the World Health Organization has been conspicuously silent both with respect to the closure of Dr. Zhang’s lab and his assertion that he had notified Chinese authorities of his breakthrough six days earlier.
世界衛生組織對新冠病毒一再做出宣示，但這些主張不是非常不精確，就是具有誤導性。
The World Health Organization has repeatedly made claims about the coronavirus that were either grossly inaccurate or misleading.
2020年1月14日，世界衛生組織在毫無根據的情況下重申新冠病毒不會人傳人，如今這種說法已被否定。世衛當時表示：「中國當局所主持的初步調查發現，在中國武漢發現的新型冠狀病毒沒有明確的人傳人證據。」但此一宣稱與經過審查的武漢報告顯然矛盾。
On January 14, 2020, the World Health Organization gratuitously reaffirmed China‘s now-debunked claim that the coronavirus could not be transmitted between humans, stating: 「Preliminary investigations conducted by the Chinese authorities have found no clear evidence of human-to-human transmission of the novel coronavirus (2019-nCov) identified in Wuhan, China.」 This assertion was in direct conflict with censored reports from Wuhan.
2020年1月21日，據稱中國國家主席習近平對您施壓，要求您不要宣布冠狀病毒疫情是國際緊急公衛事件。您隔天就對壓力屈服，對全世界表示冠狀病毒不構成「國際關注的突發公共衛生事件」（PHEIC）。僅僅一個星期之後，也就是2020年1月30日，壓倒性的相反證據迫使您改變了立場。
On January 21, 2020, President Xi Jinping of China reportedly pressured you not to declare the coronavirus outbreak an emergency. You gave in to this pressure the next day and told the world that the coronavirus did not pose a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. Just over one week later, on January 30, 2020, overwhelming evidence to the contrary forced you to reverse course.
2020年1月28日，您在北京與習主席會晤後，讚揚中國政府在處置冠狀病毒的「透明度」，宣稱中國設立了「控制疫情的新標準」、「替全世界爭取了時間」。您沒有提到當時揭露病毒消息的幾位醫生都遭到封口或懲處，中國的機構也不被允許發布相關消息。
On January 28, 2020, after meeting with President Xi in Beijing, you praised the Chinese government for its 「transparency」 with respect to the coronavirus, announcing that China had set a 「new standard for outbreak control」 and 「bought the world time.」 You did not mention that China had, by then, silenced or punished several doctors for speaking out about the virus and restricted Chinese institutions from publishing information about it.
即使在您在2020年1月30日終於宣布疫情為「國際關注的突發公共衛生事件」，您也未能敦促中國及時接納世衛的醫學專家（前往調查）。因此，這個關鍵團隊在兩週後的2020年2月16日才抵達中國。即便如此，當時還是到行程最後幾天，這個團隊才獲准造訪武漢。值得注意的是，當中國拒絕該團隊的兩名美國成員進入武漢時，世衛依舊保持沈默。
Even after you belatedly declared the outbreak a Public Health Emergency of International Concern on January 30, 2020, you failed to press China for the timely admittance of a World Health Organization team of international medical experts. As a result, this critical team did not arrive in China until two weeks later, on February 16, 2020. And even then, the team was not allowed to visit Wuhan until the final days of their visit. Remarkably, the World Health Organization was silent when China denied the two American members of the team access to Wuhan entirely.
您大力讚揚中國採取嚴格的國內旅遊限制，但令人費解的是，您卻反對我關閉美國邊界或禁止來自中國的旅客入境。我全然不顧你的主張，依舊實施了這些措施。您的政治小動作造成了生命的損失，因為其他國家聽從您的建議，延遲實施能夠拯救生命的中國旅遊禁令。令人難以置信的是，2020年2月3日，您又進一步強調了中國在保護全球免於病毒侵襲方面，做得如此出色，旅遊禁令「弊大於利」。然而當時全世界都知道，在封鎖武漢前，中國政府已經允許超過500萬人離開，其中有許多人前往世界各地。
You also strongly praised China‘s strict domestic travel restrictions, but were inexplicably against my closing of the United States border, or the ban, with respect to people coming from China. I put the ban in place regardless of your wishes. Your political gamesmanship on this issue was deadly, as other governments, relying on your comments, delayed imposing life-saving restrictions on travel to and from China. Incredibly, on February 3, 2020, you reinforced your position, opining that because China was doing such a great job protecting the world from the virus, travel restrictions were 「causing more harm than good.」 Yet by then the world knew that, before locking down Wuhan, Chinese authorities had allowed more than five million people to leave the city and that many of these people were bound for international destinations all over the world.
到了2020年2月3日，中國強烈施壓各國解除或預先阻止旅遊禁令。您當天發布的錯誤聲明支持了中國的作法，您告訴全世界，病毒在中國以外的傳播「微乎其微而且非常緩慢」，「病毒傳到中國以外的任何地方的機率非常低」。
As of February 3, 2020, China was strongly pressuring countries to lift or forestall travel restrictions. This pressure campaign was bolstered by your incorrect statements on that day telling the world that the spread of the virus outside of China was 「minimal and slow」 and that 「the chances of getting this going to anywhere outside China [were] very low.」
2020年3月3日，世界衛生組織引述中國官方數據來淡化無症狀傳播的嚴峻風險，世衛還向全球表示，「新冠肺炎不會像流感那樣有效傳播」，而且新冠肺炎與流感不同，主要不是經由「被感染但未生病的人」來傳播。世衛還告訴全世界，中國的證據顯示「通報案例中僅有1%的病例沒有症狀，大部分病例在2天內都會出現症狀」。然而，許多專家引述日本、韓國與其他國家的資料，強烈質疑這些說法。現在很清楚的是，世衛反覆向全世界強調的中國說法完全不準確。
On March 3, 2020, the World Health Organization cited official Chinese data to downplay the very serious risk of asymptomatic spread, telling the world that 「COVID-19 does not transmit as efficiently as influenza」 and that unlike influenza this disease was not primarily driven by 「people who are infected but not yet sick.」 China‘s evidence, the World Health Organization told the world, 「showed that only one percent of reported cases do not have symptoms, and most of those cases develop symptoms within two days.」 Many experts, however, citing data from Japan, South Korea, and elsewhere, vigorously questioned these assertions. It is now clear that China’s assertions, repeated to the world by the World Health Organization, were wildly inaccurate.
您在2020年3月11日終於宣布疫情進入全球大流行；在那之前，在全球至少114個國家中，已有超過4000人因此病故，超過10萬人確診。
By the time you finally declared the virus a pandemic on March 11, 2020, it had killed more than 4,000 people and infected more than 100,000 people in at least 114 countries around the world.
2020年4月11日，幾位非洲大使為了非洲人士在廣州與其他中國城市因疫情遭受歧視致函中國外交部。您清楚知道，中國當局對這些國家的國民進行強制隔離、驅逐、拒絕為他們提供服務。您並沒有這些中國的種族歧視行為發表評論。您卻毫無根據地將台灣批評您疫情處理不當的抱怨，貼上種族歧視的標籤。
On April 11, 2020, several African Ambassadors wrote to the Chinese Foreign Ministry about the discriminatory treatment of Africans related to the pandemic in Guangzhou and other cities in China. You were aware that Chinese authorities were carrying out a campaign of forced quarantines, evictions, and refusal of services against the nationals of these countries. You have not commented on China‘s racially discriminatory actions. You have, however, baselessly labeled as racist Taiwan’s well-founded complaints about your mishandling of this pandemic.
在這場危機中，世界衛生組織一直對中國宣稱的「透明度」表達讚揚，這樣的舉措令人好奇。即便中國對疫情的處理一點都不透明，您依舊加入讚揚中國的行列。舉例來說，中國在1月初要求銷毀病毒樣本，讓全世界沒有機會取得這項關鍵資訊。甚至到現在，中國依舊拒絕分享正確且即時的資訊與病毒樣本，並且隱瞞病毒來源等重要資訊，持續削弱《國際衛生條例》的功用。直到今天，中國仍持續拒絕讓國際社會接觸他們的科學家及相關設施，同時又大肆指責與審查中國自己的專家。
Throughout this crisis, the World Health Organization has been curiously insistent on praising China for its alleged 「transparency.」 You have consistently joined in these tributes, notwithstanding that China has been anything but transparent. In early January, for example, China ordered samples of the virus to be destroyed, depriving the world of critical information. Even now, China continues to undermine the International Health Regulations by refusing to share accurate and timely data, viral samples and isolates, and by withholding vital information about the virus and its origins. And, to this day, China continues to deny international access to their scientists and relevant facilities, all while casting blame widely and recklessly and censoring its own experts.
世界衛生組織並未公開呼籲中國允許對病毒起源進行獨立調查，儘管世衛緊急委員會（Emergency Committee）也支持這麼做。世衛在這方面的失職，促使世衛成員國在今年的世界衛生大會（WHA）通過「因應2019冠狀病毒疾病」決議，呼應美國與其他各國的要求，亦即對世衛處理這項危機的方式展開公正、獨立且全面的調查。這項決議也要求針對病毒起源展開調查，這也讓全世界能夠掌握對抗這種疾病的最佳方式。
The World Health Organization has failed to publicly call on China to allow for an independent investigation into the origins of the virus, despite the recent endorsement for doing so by its own Emergency Committee. The World Health Organization‘s failure to do so has prompted World Health Organization member states to adopt the 「COVID-19 Response」 Resolution at this year’s World Health Assembly, which echoes the call by the United States and so many others for an impartial, independent, and comprehensive review of how the World Health Organization handled the crisis. The resolution also calls for an investigation into the origins of the virus, which is necessary for the world to understand how best to counter the disease.
比起這些失職更糟糕的是，我們知道世衛原本可以做得更好。在另一位秘書長的帶領下，世衛幾年前曾向全球展現出它能提供多少協助。2003年，中國爆發嚴重急性呼吸道症候群（SARS）疫情，時任秘書長布倫特蘭（Harlem Brundtland）大膽做出世衛55年來的首次緊急旅遊建議，建議暫停往返作為疫情中心的中國南部，甚至毫不猶豫地批評中國政府逮捕吹哨者和審查媒體等掩蓋疫情的作法，因為這將使全球陷入公衛危機。如果您以布倫特蘭為榜樣，許多生命或許就能被挽救。
Perhaps worse than all these failings is that we know that the World Health Organization could have done so much better. Just a few years ago, under the direction of a different Director-General, the World Health Organization showed the world how much it has to offer. In 2003, in response to the outbreak of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) in China, Director-General Harlem Brundtland boldly declared the World Health Organization‘s first emergency travel advisory in 55 years, recommending against travel to and from the disease epicenter in southern China. She also did not hesitate to criticize China for endangering global health by attempting to cover up the outbreak through its usual playbook of arresting whistleblowers and censoring media. Many lives could have been saved had you followed Dr. Brundtland’s example.
您和您的組織因應這場大流行病時顯然一錯再錯，讓全球付出極大代價。世衛唯一的出路，就是證明自己能夠獨立於中國。美國政府已開始與您們討論如何改革這個組織。我們必須迅速採取行動，沒有時間可以浪費。作為美國總統，告知您們這件事是我的職責所在，如果世衛在未來30天沒有實質重大進步，我會將暫時凍結美國提供給世衛的資金改為永久凍結，並重新考慮美國的會員資格。我不能允許美國納稅人的錢繼續用來資助一個目前顯然不符美國利益的組織。
It is clear the repeated missteps by you and your organization in responding to the pandemic have been extremely costly for the world. The only way forward for the World Health Organization is if it can actually demonstrate independence from China. My Administration has already started discussions with you on how to reform the organization. But action is needed quickly. We do not have time to waste. That is why it is my duty, as President of the United States, to inform you that, if the World Health Organization does not commit to major substantive improvements within the next 30 days, I will make my temporary freeze of United States funding to the World Health Organization permanent and reconsider our membership in the organization. I cannot allow American taxpayer dollars to continue to finance an organization that, in its present state, is so clearly not serving America‘s interests.
